{"id":2283,"date":"2013-05-28T08:48:41","date_gmt":"2013-05-28T12:48:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.massaudubon.org\/yourgreatoutdoors\/?p=2283"},"modified":"2013-05-28T08:48:41","modified_gmt":"2013-05-28T12:48:41","slug":"whats-growing-on-that-red-cedar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.massaudubon.org\/yourgreatoutdoors\/whats-growing-on-that-red-cedar\/","title":{"rendered":"What&#8217;s Growing on That Red Cedar?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright  wp-image-2299\" title=\"cedar fungus\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.massaudubon.org\/yourgreatoutdoors\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2013\/05\/cedarfungus.jpg\" width=\"400\" height=\"329\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.massaudubon.org\/yourgreatoutdoors\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2013\/05\/cedarfungus.jpg 500w, https:\/\/blogs.massaudubon.org\/yourgreatoutdoors\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2013\/05\/cedarfungus-300x246.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/>Perhaps the strangest things that you might see each spring are the bright orange globs hanging in the eastern red cedar trees. They look a bit like orange marmalade being pushed through a garlic press. Moist to the touch and about the size of a golf ball, these ornaments adorning the cedars are actually fungi.<\/p>\n<p>The life cycle of the\u00a0cedar-apple rust fungus (<em>Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae)<\/em>\u00a0depends on both apple\u00a0and eastern red cedar hosts. It&#8217;s possible to find cedar-apple rust anywhere east of the Rocky Mountains where eastern red cedars and apples coexist.<\/p>\n<p>For most of the year cedar-apple rust is hard to see. However, when spring rains moisten the hard brown kidney-shaped galls that over winter on cedar trees they develop bright orange spore horns. These are very conspicuous and make the cedar look like it\u2019s fruiting. The spores are then blown, sometimes several miles, onto apple trees infecting young buds and leaves. Over the course of the summer the fungus matures and eventually spores are blown back to the cedar trees to overwinter as small galls.<\/p>\n<p>The fungus does not permanently harm the eastern red cedar trees. However, if left untreated, cedar-apple rust will damage apple fruits to the point of making them unsellable. This is a major concern for orchard owners. Today, fungicide is used to prevent cedar-apple rust from destroying crops, but that wasn\u2019t always the case.<\/p>\n<p>In 1914, apple growers wrote the Cedar Rust Act of Virginia allowing them to destroy cedar trees on neighboring property in an effort to control the fungus. While most people enjoy eating apples, a lot of people also like eastern red cedar trees, especially if they\u2019re on your own property. You can imagine how people reacted when they woke up to see their neighbors cutting down all their cedar trees.<\/p>\n<p>This all came to a head in a classic 1928 court case where a judge determined that apple trees were more valuable than cedars, and therefore more worthy of protecting. Cedar tree owners would not be compensated for their losses, but would be allowed to keep the wood from the cut trees. Remember to thank those folks who lost all their cedars next time you bite into a delicious apple!<\/p>\n<p>If you happen to be out on the next rainy day, try to find an eastern red cedar. Hopefully you\u2019ll have a new appreciation for those bright orange galls\u00a0and their complex history.<\/p>\n<p>Have you seen cedar-apple rust fungus before? Tell us where and when in the comments!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Perhaps the strangest things that you might see each spring are the bright orange globs hanging in the eastern red cedar trees. They look a bit like orange marmalade being pushed through a garlic press. Moist to the touch and about the size of a golf ball, these ornaments adorning the cedars are actually fungi. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":44,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[11],"tags":[123],"class_list":["post-2283","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-nature-notes","tag-fungi"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p3t87A-AP","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":13356,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.massaudubon.org\/yourgreatoutdoors\/take-5-birds-love-berries\/","url_meta":{"origin":2283,"position":0},"title":"Take 5: Birds Love Berries","author":"Ryan D.","date":"December 4, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"As winter closes in, many species of wildlife look to fuel up for the challenging conditions of winter. Fortunately, several plant species take advantage of this in their seed dispersal strategies by producing delicious and nutritious berries that wildlife will eat then excrete, depositing seeds in a new location along\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Take 5&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Take 5","link":"https:\/\/blogs.massaudubon.org\/yourgreatoutdoors\/category\/take-5\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Cedar Waxwings on a variety of crab apple \u00a9 Stephen Kent","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.massaudubon.org\/yourgreatoutdoors\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/12\/3611Stephen_Kent13744.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.massaudubon.org\/yourgreatoutdoors\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/12\/3611Stephen_Kent13744.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.massaudubon.org\/yourgreatoutdoors\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/12\/3611Stephen_Kent13744.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.massaudubon.org\/yourgreatoutdoors\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/12\/3611Stephen_Kent13744.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":5492,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.massaudubon.org\/yourgreatoutdoors\/surprising-animal-color-variations\/","url_meta":{"origin":2283,"position":1},"title":"Surprising Animal Color Variations","author":"Rosemary","date":"June 3, 2015","format":false,"excerpt":"Every now and then you might see an animal that looks like a member of a familiar species, but with a twist: it\u2019s much darker or lighter than normal. What\u2019s the story behind this unusual coloration? Melanism Eastern chipmunks are known for their stripes, but this all-black animal is the\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Nature Notes&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Nature Notes","link":"https:\/\/blogs.massaudubon.org\/yourgreatoutdoors\/category\/nature-notes\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.massaudubon.org\/yourgreatoutdoors\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2015\/05\/waxwingorange.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.massaudubon.org\/yourgreatoutdoors\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2015\/05\/waxwingorange.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.massaudubon.org\/yourgreatoutdoors\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2015\/05\/waxwingorange.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":12409,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.massaudubon.org\/yourgreatoutdoors\/take-5-great-timing\/","url_meta":{"origin":2283,"position":2},"title":"Take 5: Great Timing","author":"Ryan D.","date":"February 25, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"There is a tremendous amount of skill that goes into capturing a great photo: lighting, exposure, composition, depth of field, and so much more. But any wildlife photographer will tell you it also takes a good deal of luck. Here are five examples of great timing in photography\u2014just the right\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Take 5&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Take 5","link":"https:\/\/blogs.massaudubon.org\/yourgreatoutdoors\/category\/take-5\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Gray Squirrel and Red-Tailed Hawk \u00a9 David Morris","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.massaudubon.org\/yourgreatoutdoors\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/02\/3174David_Morris17887.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.massaudubon.org\/yourgreatoutdoors\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/02\/3174David_Morris17887.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.massaudubon.org\/yourgreatoutdoors\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/02\/3174David_Morris17887.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.massaudubon.org\/yourgreatoutdoors\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/02\/3174David_Morris17887.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":8058,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.massaudubon.org\/yourgreatoutdoors\/august-feeder-sale-get-20-off-feeders-poles-and-baffles\/","url_meta":{"origin":2283,"position":3},"title":"August Feeder Sale: Get 20% Off Feeders, Poles, and Baffles","author":"Ryan D.","date":"August 16, 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"The Annual Bird Feeder Sale is here! Through the end of August, Mass Audubon members get a double discount on bird feeders, poles, and baffles, so shop our great selection of bird feeders and supplies online\u00a0and spruce up your bird feeding setup. Call or stop by the\u00a0brick and\u00a0mortar Audubon Shop\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Stuff We Love&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Stuff We Love","link":"https:\/\/blogs.massaudubon.org\/yourgreatoutdoors\/category\/stuff-we-love\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Classic Pole Feeder","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.massaudubon.org\/yourgreatoutdoors\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2016\/08\/large-classic-pole-feeder-191x300.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":12205,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.massaudubon.org\/yourgreatoutdoors\/take-5-winter-songbirds\/","url_meta":{"origin":2283,"position":4},"title":"Take 5: Winter Songbirds","author":"Ryan D.","date":"January 22, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Whether you\u2019re briskly pacing across Boston Common or gazing out your kitchen window into a snow-covered suburban backyard, birds can be seen all winter long. The birds featured below are some of the most commonly seen species in winter all across Massachusetts, and many of them will readily come to\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Take 5&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Take 5","link":"https:\/\/blogs.massaudubon.org\/yourgreatoutdoors\/category\/take-5\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Eastern Bluebird \u00a9 Cheryl Rose","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.massaudubon.org\/yourgreatoutdoors\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/01\/111Cheryl_Rose12863.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.massaudubon.org\/yourgreatoutdoors\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/01\/111Cheryl_Rose12863.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.massaudubon.org\/yourgreatoutdoors\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/01\/111Cheryl_Rose12863.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.massaudubon.org\/yourgreatoutdoors\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/01\/111Cheryl_Rose12863.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":14868,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.massaudubon.org\/yourgreatoutdoors\/take-5-animal-masks\/","url_meta":{"origin":2283,"position":5},"title":"Take 5: Animal Masks","author":"Ryan D.","date":"November 9, 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"Wearing masks in public in a great way to protect yourself, protect those around you, and help slow the spread of COVID-19. Since we're all wearing masks in public for the foreseeable future, we thought it might be fun to highlight a few mask-wearers from the animal kingdom, as well.\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Take 5&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Take 5","link":"https:\/\/blogs.massaudubon.org\/yourgreatoutdoors\/category\/take-5\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Common Yellowthroat \u00a9 Jeff Martineau","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.massaudubon.org\/yourgreatoutdoors\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2020\/11\/1216Jeff_Martineau17712.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.massaudubon.org\/yourgreatoutdoors\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2020\/11\/1216Jeff_Martineau17712.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.massaudubon.org\/yourgreatoutdoors\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2020\/11\/1216Jeff_Martineau17712.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.massaudubon.org\/yourgreatoutdoors\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2020\/11\/1216Jeff_Martineau17712.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.massaudubon.org\/yourgreatoutdoors\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2283","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.massaudubon.org\/yourgreatoutdoors\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.massaudubon.org\/yourgreatoutdoors\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.massaudubon.org\/yourgreatoutdoors\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/44"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.massaudubon.org\/yourgreatoutdoors\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2283"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.massaudubon.org\/yourgreatoutdoors\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2283\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2320,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.massaudubon.org\/yourgreatoutdoors\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2283\/revisions\/2320"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.massaudubon.org\/yourgreatoutdoors\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2283"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.massaudubon.org\/yourgreatoutdoors\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2283"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.massaudubon.org\/yourgreatoutdoors\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2283"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}